Offices, Then and Now

23 May 2026 » 5 min read

As I wrapped up my work yesterday, I looked around my home office and flashed back to my home office 30 years earlier. My “office” back then was a desk in a small one-bedroom Studio City apartment, with a single 3-shelf bookcase. Today, my office is a room off the living room, a former sun room with a dozen windows overlooking front, back and side yards. I stand writing this essay at a sit-stand desk, and instead of 1 small bookshelf, all four sides of my office are filled by overflowing bookcases.

The most remarkable thing, however, is the change in technology that has taken place over that three decade span. I stood at my desk last night, listening to Elvis Costello on a Bose Bluetooth speaker that sat on a shelf to my right, the music streaming from my iPhone which stood on a wireless charger on the opposite side of my desk. Instead of a single, bulky CRT on my desk, four flat screens sweep across the surface of my desk today: a MacBook Pro, connected to two large external monitors, my MacBook Air, all of which work in concert. The nest of wires that used to accumulate across my desk have been replaced by wireless keyboards and trackpads.

And the software! I remember installing Microsoft Office on something like 26 3-1/2-inch floppy disks. Now, I can download and install a much more advanced Office in far less time than I could install it from those floppy disks. And with tools like Claude and Claude Code, I have a personal assistant to handle routine things for me, leaving me more time to focus on the things that I am most interested in.

Still, despite all of these changes, some things don’t change much. I am writing this essay in Vim, which I used back then, and which I have used off-and-on ever since. The muscle memory of the keyboard commands has become second nature. I still spend the vast majority of my time in Unix command line terminals, or in similar LLM chats. In some sense, with the advent of LLMs, UXs have started moving back toward the command line, an irony, which, as a command line enthusiast, I relish.

And while I can simply ask Siri to define or spell a word for me, I prefer to reach for one of the ten dictionaries that sit on a shelf beside my desk. And while streaming music is convenient, and I do it frequently, right here on a cabinet beside me, and sitting next to my ScanSnap ix1300 scanner, is a Victrola turntable, which my son got me as a present, and for which I have started to amass a small collection of vinyl, and which I much prefer for listening to things like Miles Davis’ Kind of Blue or the Eagles’ Hotel California.

One thing that old office had that my current office lacks is a cabinet full of file folders. Over the three-decade span, my files have slowly made their way into the digital realm, slowly at first, then at a more accelerated pace in the early 2010s when I adopted Evernote. When I gave up on Evernote in the early 2020s, I moved a lot of things into Obsidian, but I found that Obsidian was more of a tool for writing than managing an archive. So after searching around and looking at tools like DevonThink, among others, I finally built my own archive, first testing things out in what I call my Personal Archive System (PAS), and then really studying the problem the way an archivist would, and with the help of Claude Code, building a new and sophisticated command-line system called ark.

Today, ark hosts my entire archive, more than 670,000 items, including every email I’ve sent or received since late 1994, and digital documents going back to 1992, scanned documents going back to my birth, as well as a pipeline of continually updated data for capturing browser history, CLI history, my entire social media history, photos, calendars, diaries, blog posts, comments, reading history, annotations, Apple Health data, you name it, it is in the archive. The archive has a sophisticated search capability that allows not only full-text search, but embedded searches1 (every item gets an embedding, every photo gets an LLM description and embedding). Because I’ve created an MCP server2 for the archive, I can “chat” with the archive using Claude. And I’ve built an egress layer to prevent sensitive information from leaving my local machine (for sensitive data, embeddings and LLM activities use a local LLM3.)

This is a big difference to my office from 30 years ago. Instead of hunting through paper documents, or hacking my way through files in the file system, I can type a simple command on the command line, or even ask Claude, “What posts have I written about my desk?” and it does all of the grunt work for me. That, at least for me, is a change for the better.

(P.S.: if you are curious about Claude’s answer to that question, here it is:

I can see the blog post titles clearly from the social media announcements. Here’s what turned up — looks like you’ve written at least four dedicated desk posts:

  1. My desk, annotated” (September 2010) — the earliest one, with an annotated look at your desk setup.
  2. My Cluttered Desk” (May 2019) — a post about desk clutter.
  3. The Desk and The Desktop: Musings on Productivity, Part 1” (April 2021) — a more reflective productivity piece.
  4. A Newer Healthier Desk for My Office” (July 2021) — likely tied to the L-shaped electric standing desk you bought from Amazon in June 2021.
  5. A Cluttered Desk” (August 2021) — another clutter-themed post, just a month later.

There’s also a tweet from August 2021 quoting the Einstein line about cluttered desks and cluttered minds, which may have been a weekly recap referencing one of those posts.

Want me to pull up the full content of any of these?

I told Claude it didn’t need to do that. I’ll just link to them here instead.


Notes:
  1. An embedded search is a way to find things by meaning as opposed to just pattern matching. ↩︎
  2. MCP (Model Context Protocol) is a way of exposing ark commands to an LLM like Claude. The LLM can then use my tool to answer questions. ↩︎
  3. I use LM Studio for hosting local models, ark uses llama-3.2-3b-instruct for local text-based LLM activity, and it uses qwen3-vl-8b for vision (getting descriptions from photos, documents, etc.) ↩︎

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6 responses to “Offices, Then and Now”

  1. Mark Plutowski

    This is so cool.

    I loved reading about the arc your office took over the decades. Ever since the iPhone reshaped society, I’ve deliberately journaled about the little technical details of how I work, knowing future me would enjoy seeing which things changed completely and which stayed the same.

    I also went through a multi-monitor phase, but eventually drifted back toward portability, mobility, and a clutter-free desk. These days I do all my work on my phone and laptop. Now my laptop & phone can stream music wirelessly throughout the house and follow as I move into my car, which would have seemed futuristic 30 years ago.

    Your comments about the command line reminded me of debating a friend decades ago after seeing a sci-fi movie where programmers in the future were still viewing scrolling terminal text. I argued that GUIs would rapidly bury all that. Well… here we are. The CLI is still going strong, with LLMs giving text interfaces new life.

    Like you, I eventually built my own archive system after experimenting with tools like Recoll and DevonThink. Mine evolved into what I call a “Personal Digital Archive,” and the app I’ve built around it my “Automated Reminiscing Tool,” since now that I’m retired and left hustle culture behind, reminiscing and longitudinal analysis are my primary uses.

    I indexed journals, notes, songs, images, laptop files, Google Drive, email archives, iCloud. It now has 1M+ entries across 40+ file types, including Apple Health, several fitness & sleep apps, medical records, financial records, social media archives. Sadly my email archive doesn’t go back quite as far as yours because I lost some early backups to corruption.

    The biggest revelation has been image analysis. I processed 120K photos, including both local and iCloud, creating a visual journal of my life. Being able to search by scene type, object, date, or location has surfaced forgotten moments buried in what had become a write-once-read-never archive. I unintentionally developed a “photo journaling” habit: taking quick snapshots to document where I’ve been, what I was doing, and what daily life looked like.

    I also resonated with your CLI comments. My first few versions were all GUI-focused, but I kept building CLI tools alongside them. Now I increasingly use the CLI directly instead of opening the web app. My dev roadmap now plans to expose those tools to AI agents rather than maintaining elaborate GUIs.

    I’m now digitizing old family photo boxes, which should eventually fill in the pre-digital decades that my archive currently lacks. That process has been poignant at times, and surprising at others, when I surface memories I’d have sworn were impossible to forget.

    One thing I found interesting is that your usage seems more productivity-oriented, whereas mine drifted toward memory, reminiscence, and longitudinal analysis. I’m curious how your use cases evolved over time. Were there any unexpected or emergent uses that appeared once the archive became large and capable? I’d enjoy reading more about that side of it.

    1. Mark, you and I sound like archive soulmates. I’ve been so excited about the work I’ve done on the archive, I can talk about it endlessly (to the growing annoyance of my family). I have deliberately avoided writing about it on the blog until now so that I didn’t irritate my readers. So it’s nice to hear from someone who understands.

      For the work I do in my day job, it makes it a lot easier to have all of the monitors. For my hobby work, I’m usually good with the laptop or two monitors with my Mac mini.

      I’ve been working from the command-line since the early 1990s, and I seem to come back to it despite all of the improvements in GUI; and it is both amusing and gratifying to see it make a comeback with LLMs.

      Regarding the productivity-oriented use of my archive: what I discovered is that the archive hit enough of a critical mass both in terms of depth and breadth, that I’ve been using it to manage things going forward. There is enough context that an LLM can really act as a personal assistant when it had all of the information it needs to complete a task. I haven’t completed this part — what I call the “stewardship” portion of the ark — but it consists of (a) identifying tasks and action based on incoming material; (b) collect everything needed to perform the action; (c) perform the action. (a) and (b) are done. The next step is (c) which is easy in some areas (drafting and sending an email) and more complicated in others.

      But I do use the archive as a way of looking back as well. My kids find it amusing: we’ll sit together and I’ll have them ask Claude questions about me and we see what answers it comes up with. There is so much in the system that the answers are usually rich — and sometimes, surprising because I’d forgotten things.

      If you have any tips you’ve learned from your archiving experience, I’d certainly be interested in them! Happy to share any tips from my end as well.

  2. Thanks for sharing, this was very interesting to read. If you don’t mind, would you share more about your archive tool ark? Maybe do a series about how it works? This is potentially something I’m interested in using and/or copying.

    1. Jan — your comment is all the arm-twisting I need. I had outlined a series of 10 posts a while back. I’ll revisit them and start to write them as soon as I have a chance. Look for the first in the near future.

      1. Looking forward to it!

        1. First one dropped today.

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